Oscillator for wireless transmission.



G. D. HERROLD.

OSCILLATOR FOB. WIRELESS TRANSMISSIQN. APPLIOATION nun APR. 21, 1913.

1,096,717. *Patented May12,1914.

' INVESTOR Mama a 1 WYKYTY UNITED CHEfitLES D. HERRGLD, OE SAN JOSE, Grill-303331.51.

OSCEL'LATQE, 330E WIRELESS TRANSMISSION.

Application filed April 21, 1913. Serial No. 762,53

T0 aZZ whom it may concern- Be it known that 1, CHARLES l). Hematite,

chief engineer of National Viirele Tel. 3: l v iv .lel. 00., a citizen of the United h s. re-

siding at San Jose. in the county of ianta Clara and State of California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Oscillators for Wireless Transmission, of which the fol lowing is a specification.

This invention relates to an apparatus for the production of oscillating currents of high frequency. I

The object of the invention is to pr side a 1 tion of oscillating currents of quency, persistency. force and c U means of which wireless telephony and telegraphy may be carried out.

Another object of the invention is to improve the construction of the electrodes. so

as to produce a steady, uniform oscillating Spark, and which will also allow a perfect sudden increase of voltage generall circulation of the imperfect cooling liquid. thus, producing uniform transmission of high eiliciency.

Further objects will appear hereinafter. The invention consists of the parts and the construction and combination of parts as hereinafter more fullydescrihed and claimed. having reference to the accompanying drawings, in Which- Figure l is a longitudinal section showing the construction of the oscillator. Fig. 2 is an section on thelinc X-X of Fig. 1.

. In most forms of oscillati'irs heretofore constructed it has been found that there are times when'the oscillating spark causes e plosive effects between the electrod in the oscillating chamber. This is gtnerall pro duced by a sudden rise in th voltage of the current passing through the electrodes. 31.

v cause Q an excessive generation of vapors or g s p: at thepoint of discharge, which causes the explosive effect previously nientionet. The oscillating spark is thus caused to wavy for an instant, causing an unst adiness of voice. In apparatus employing more-than three of electrodes or oscillators the above-mentioned irregularities are more noticeable. b cause the wavering of the oscillating spark caused by the explosire effect will he multilied with each additional oscillating memer. l The mainfobject of tlnie invention is to fSpecification of letters Patent.

nicnicii Hay i2, Lilli.

Referring to the drawings: The invention "0 consists of an oscillatory spark gap appara tus having hi'llltt 'l terminal tubular electrodes 2 and 3. which may be constructed of metal and carbon, or other; the faces of which are opposed to each other and parallel. in this instance I have shown the electrodes being mounied within a vcrticallv disposed cylinder 4. hai'i a bottom 5, ani." a hase llanu'c (i. The outside of the cylinder provided with a water jacket I", coi'inected with a suitable circulating system not here shown. 'lhe i'qyliu ler '4 provided with a perforated cover in which placed an insulating hos-hing fl lined with a i'nctal bushing" 9. through which passes a rod 10, can 1;; a metal ca 1 pronded with elastic fingers or holders 12 in which supported the tubular carhon electrr'iille The lower clectrm suitable (ft liii'iois'ltioi'i. such is i 01 copper,

end

while the don: trill extending portion of the urn ing the tubular electrode 3 is cover with any suitable moisture-proof insi iati 15 to prevent any shortcircuiti rrentwithin the oscillat- 1 ing chaii'i M ndcl' i.

l n oscill apparatus of this construc: tion it has. been proven in actual practice that at least one of the electrodes shall he of metal, as these conserve their shape to a' higher degree than the carbon electrodes which is of great importance for the stability and uniformity of the spark. Likewise it is advantageous to use electrodes UL metal they are better heat conductors, and will usually quickly lead off the heat from the spar One metal electrode has also been found advantageous because of the valve ac tion due to the difi'erence ofpotential created by polarization at the metallic surface. When carbon and copper are employed. the positive terminal of the source of supply is connected to the copper electrode. When also tubular in conslructnm being no i carbon and aluminum are used the negative terminal of the source of supply connect-- culiar nature when heated: of producing greater resistance than when cool thus causing the next discharge or oscillation of the current between "the electrodes to seek a point of least resistance, which will naturally be at the coolest point between the electrodes, thereby causing the oscillating spark to instantly shift or change its position. The heating of the imperfectly conducting liquid will thus cause the spark to travel around the tubular rim of, the opposed electrodes, thus; preventing any pitting orf'exce'ssive burning of the carbon electrode at any one point. The carbon electrode is thus evenly wasted or burned, and the frequency of oscillation as well as the volume of elec-' trical energy is persistent and uniform. v

The Walls of the-tabular electrodes here shown are very thin, thus preventing the spark from shifting from the inner to the outer edge of the tube, which might have a tendency to cause variation in oscillation. However, by thinning down the walls of the electrodes 'to form the tubes here shown, it

can easily be seen that the oscillating spark is forced into a restricted path which compels it to move smoothly in a uniform path around the edge of the electrodes.

Another point of advantage gained by thetubular construction of the electrodes here shown is that it eliminates the necessity of water-cooling the electrodes; theim- .perfectly conducting liquid proving sufiicieiit in this instance to cool the electrodes. as a free circulation is produce By referring to the sectional view in Fig. 1 it can be seen that the imperfectly conducting liquid will constantly pass through the center portion of the electrodes in the direction of arrows a as the liquid becomes heated, thus causing a constant free circu lation of the liquid which is suliicient to carry off any excessive heat generated by the electrodes, the liquid being in turn cooled by the circulating watercontained in the jacket 7. The carbon electrode 2 may be adjusted with relation to the stationary electrode 3 in any suitable manner. This may be produced by porting rod 10 in the b, whiclr may be mom a suitable clutching m 16, which in turn isnctuated by h centrally pivoted rocking lever 17, the outer end of which is connected to the movable core 18 direction of the arrow plished by providing lifting the carbon supechanism indicated atof a solenoid magnet 19; the lifting movement of the lever 17, clutch 16, and carbon supporting rod 10, being adjusted by a set screw 2Q.v The solenoid magnet 19 may be connected on the main oscillating circuit passing through the electrodes 2 and 3, thus causing the electrodeg to be separated the moment the circuit ifclosed.

The apparatus herg shown is neat inseppearance, prompt and reliable in its action, and takes no more of ,apparatus heretofore employed. The

ace than the usual form novel construction -of the electrodes here shown, which forms the subject matter of this invention, eliminates anywater cooling connections for the electrodes, and also pfodfices a spark gap purpose of cooling the which is evenly burned or wasted; and be tween which explosive effect s,1such as; pre.-

viously' mentioned, are practically eliminated, as the gases generatedmay l e quickly. discharged in anydirection without resist, ance, thus preventing any irregularity or wavering of the oscillations.

The materials and finish ofthe several 0 circuit spark gap aprim surfaces between which the lines of discharge may continually change, a container within which the electrodes are mounted,

container in which the electrodes are submerged.

and an imperfectly conducting liquid in the i 3. An oscillatory circuit spark gap appa- I ratus consisting of opposed interspaced tu bular terminal electrodes, said electrodes having parallelseparated opposed annular run surfaces between which the lines of discharge 'inay continually change, a contained within which the electrodes are mounted, an imperfectly conducting liquid in the tainer in which the electrodes are sub.- merged, may be circulated with relation to the eX- terior and interior of the electrodes.

4. An oscillatory circuit spa-i k gap apparatus consisting of opposed interspaced .con-

and means whereby said medium tubular terminal electrodes, said electrodes having parallel separated opposed annular rim surfaces between which the lines of discharge may continually change, :1 container Within which the electrodes mounted, an imperfectly conducting liquid in the container in which the eiecirodesare submerged, means whereby said medium may be caused 1,0 tlfllh'iillli'iy eireulute through the interim of ihe electrodes by entering through the lower end of the iower electrode and discharging through the upper end of the upper eiecirode and returned again by passing around the exierior surface, of the electrodes, and means for cooling said medium.

5. in oseiiiatory 'irruit spark upparoius consisting of opposed interspuced tubular terminalelectrodes, said 8iECil'OdBS having" parallel separated opposed nnnuhir rim snrfuceshetween which the lines of discharge may continually change, a container, 2.- imperfectly conducting iiquid in said chamber in which the electrodes are Suhnierg (1 rod ins iZUQGd from said cover ndjustuhly mounted in the cover and extending within the container, Spring ciip arms secured in *i'he inner end of the rod udiipted to hold the upper iuhuhir eleetrode, a stationary arm in snhited from {he cover secured to ihe cover extending down into the container, to which the. lower tubular electrode is secured, and

, u c: Yer enclosing said chamber, a

means for circulating the iniperfeetiy cendur-iin f liquid through and ur'uind the inhuiur electrode.

3. I? ipurh gun upnuruii huvi 1Q igirhnn und anetui tuhuiur eiei-trm i i ehw'irwie's inning purine] separated opposed unnuiur riin surfuees between u'hii'h the lines or diseuurge niu continually ehnn ge. u container, an iinperi'eeii conducting liquid in said ehun'iher in which the eierrrmies are suir merged, a cover iniosing said ehzanihii-r, a. rod insulated from the rover ud iuetuhiy mounted in he cofer and extending wiihin ihe container, spring clip arms secure-1i on ihe ouier end of the rod in which theupper inhuiur electrode is secured, u stationary arm insuhvted from the cover scoured to the cover extending down into the container, to which the lower tubuhir electrode is se cured, and 111621118 for circulating the impen feciir conducting: liquid ihrongh and around the tuhuiur ei'eiiirudes.

In testin'iony whereof I ha e hereunto my hand in the presence of two euhscrihing witnesses.

CHARLES 3). H ERROLD. 

